What did Yahweh ask Mosheh after the people rebelled in this way and what can we learn from this?

Answer From The Annual Reading Schedule - Week 34 Notes For Numbers: "How long shall I be scorned by these people? And how long shall I not be trusted by them, with all the signs which I have done in their midst?"

What we can learn from this is that we need to just trust in Yahweh and remember all of the things Yahweh has shown us. Trusting in Yahweh is very crucial and it is important to Yahweh that we trust in Him. (Numbers 14:11)